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Xanthine oxidase inhibitors are of two kinds: [[purine analogue]]s and others. Purine analogues include [[allopurinol]], [[oxypurinol]],<ref name="pmid16135657">{{cite journal |vauthors=Iwanaga T, Kobayashi D, Hirayama M, Maeda T, Tamai I |title=Involvement of uric acid transporter in increased renal clearance of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor oxypurinol induced by a uricosuric agent, benzbromarone |journal=Drug Metabolism and Disposition |volume=33 |issue=12 |pages=1791–5 |date=December 2005 |pmid=16135657 |doi=10.1124/dmd.105.006056 |s2cid=16377221 }}</ref> and [[tisopurine]]. Others include [[febuxostat]],<ref name="pmid15751090">{{cite journal |vauthors=Becker MA, Schumacher HR, Wortmann RL, etal |title=Febuxostat, a novel nonpurine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase: a twenty-eight-day, multicenter, phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response clinical trial examining safety and efficacy in patients with gout |journal=Arthritis and Rheumatism |volume=52 |issue=3 |pages=916–23 |date=March 2005 |pmid=15751090 |doi=10.1002/art.20935 }}</ref> [[topiroxostat]], and [[inositol]]s ([[phytic acid]] and [[Inositol|myo-inositol]]{{Citation needed|date=December 2014}}).
In experiments, numerous [[natural product]]s have been found to inhibit xanthine oxidase [[in vitro]] or in model animals ([[mouse|mice]], [[rat]]s). These include three [[flavonoid]]s that occur in many different fruits and vegetables: [[kaempferol]], [[myricetin]], and [[quercetin]].<ref name="pmid21277359">{{cite journal | vauthors=Procházková D, Boušová I, Wilhelmová N | title=Antioxidant and prooxidant properties of flavonoids | journal=[[Fitoterapia]] | volume=82 | issue=4 | pages=513–523 | year=2011 | doi = 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.01.018 | pmid=21277359| doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="pmid11673865">{{cite journal
|vauthors=Selloum L, Reichl S, Müller M, Sebihi L, Arnhold J | title = Effects of flavonols on the generation of superoxide anion radicals by xanthine oxidase and stimulated neutrophils
| journal = Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
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